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Austin Starks at his 6-monitor desk running AI trading experiments

NexusTrade · AI Bakeoff · April 2026

I tested 11 AI models to build a $25,000 trading strategy. The results shocked me.

Same prompt. Same $25,000 account. Eleven models. The most expensive one scored a zero. A budget model won.

Austin Starks Austin Starks ✦ Founder, NexusTrade ✦ April 6, 2026 ✦ 12 min read

Source correction · October 10, 2026

The scorecard has five fail verdicts, but only three runs with zero portfolios. I corrected that distinction below. Flash earned the highest overall evaluator score; it was not the only run with a positive reported average.

The narrative now follows the two specialist agents shown in the Flash trace. The original scorecard reports three, so I have left that source disagreement visible rather than claiming an extra agent explains the result.

The Flash excerpt lists 2022 +31.22%, 2023 +15.41% and 2024 +0.34%. Their arithmetic mean rounds to +15.66%. It does not list a fourth yearly return, so this article cannot establish positive results in all four regimes or three out of four. I have kept the original evaluator output visible as a historical quotation, including its broader wording. These are separate historical test-year results, not a compounded live-account return.

I swear to God, I have deja vu.

If you've been following my work, you've heard this before.

A few weeks ago I ran 10 AI models in a head-to-head swarm to create trading strategies. The cheap models won every time. Opus 4.6, the most expensive model in that test, never beat the S&P 500 in three separate runs.

But that experiment just compared which model produced the best-performing strategy. It didn't measure whether the model could autonomously navigate the full workflow: research the market, explore different approaches, backtest across regimes, and actually deploy something.

This time, the grading is goal-oriented. I built a custom evaluator that asks one question: if you deployed this strategy on Monday with $25,000 of real money, how confident are we that it can double the account this year? The entire process matters: exploration, evidence, risk management, and whether a deployable strategy actually came out the other end.

I used 11 models. Grok 4.20, Sonnet 4.6, and GPT-5.4. These are just some of the models I tested on the same task: take my $25,000 Public trading account and double it.

These aren't toy models. Grok 4.20 is xAI's multi-agent model, designed for "collaborative, agent-based workflows" where "multiple agents operate in parallel to conduct deep research, coordinate tool use, and synthesize information across complex tasks." GPT-5.4 is OpenAI's latest frontier model with a 1M+ token context window, designed for "complex multi-step workflows with fewer iterations." Sonnet 4.6 is Anthropic's most capable Sonnet-class model, with "frontier performance across coding, agents, and professional work."

What the premium models promise vs. what they delivered

The promise

Grok 4.20 "collaborative, agent-based workflows" · up to 16 parallel agents · 2M context

GPT-5.4 "complex multi-step workflows with fewer iterations" · 1M+ context · 10 tokens/call

Sonnet 4.6 "frontier performance across coding, agents, and professional work" · 10 tokens/call

The reality

Grok 4.20 Score: 4. Refused to deploy.

GPT-5.4 Score: 0. Told me to do the work.

Sonnet 4.6 Score: 50. Reported XOM spread deployment, but its 1.35% historical average did not support the doubling objective. The card does not name the deployment environment.

Gemini Flash 2 tokens/call · Score: 66 · Two specialist agents in the displayed trace · Highest evaluator score.

The scores summarize this custom evaluator’s judgment, not a probability of doubling the account. Sonnet did report a deployed XOM candidate, while Flash’s winner card explicitly says paper deployment. Neither historical return establishes that the live $25,000 challenge account doubled. The three displayed Flash years are positive, but the fourth year is not supplied.

I thought maybe options trading would be different. More complex. More reasoning required. Surely this is where the expensive models earn their price tag.

They were even worse.


$25,000 of real money. One prompt. Eleven models.

Here's the context. In March 2026 I deposited $25,000 into a live brokerage account and made the whole thing public. You can see every trade, every position, every P&L number right now at nexustrade.io/shared-portfolio. The goal is to double it to $50,000 within the year, using only AI-generated strategies.

NexusTrade Public Portfolio Challenge

The $25,000 Public Portfolio Challenge is a separate public live account. This experiment’s winning candidate is described as paper-deployed below.

I gave every model the exact same prompt:

"Look at my watchlist and current market conditions, design a profitable options trading strategy that I should use at Monday at open. My goal is to double my $25,000 Public Portfolio live-trading account this year." The prompt, word for word

Same watchlist. Same live market data. Same account. I swapped out the underlying model and ran the agent 11 times. Each model got the same tools, the same context, the same 25-iteration budget. Those were the reported shared controls. The public record does not pin every input snapshot, model version and timestamp, so it does not establish an independently matched one-variable experiment.

And the results were damning.


This is not a chatbot test

I need to explain why this experiment is different from the usual "I asked ChatGPT to pick stocks" content you see everywhere.

Most AI trading tools are dressed-up chatbots. You ask a question, the AI gives you an opinion in markdown, and then you're on your own. There's no data. No backtesting. No accountability. The AI talks about trading. It doesn't actually trade.

NexusTrade's agent is different. It runs a loop (think, act, observe, repeat) against real tools:

What the agent can actually do

  • Market Screener: live price, SMA, RSI, VIX, watchlist positions
  • Options Chain Fetcher: real bid/ask spreads, open interest, IV at any strike
  • Historical Analogue Search: find past market regimes matching today's
  • Strategy Builder: create structured strategies with entry/exit logic, sizing, filters
  • Backtester: run strategies against years of historical data across multiple market regimes
  • Deploy: choose and verify the deployment environment. In the displayed winning run, the article reports paper trading; the $25,000 live challenge is a separate account.
  • Create Subagents: spawn specialist agents to explore different hypotheses in parallel

The model doesn't just think. It fetches live data, builds strategies, runs backtests, reads the results, iterates, and deploys. A single run can span 25 iterations and take 45 minutes. Every tool call is logged. The public conversation exposes tool calls, observations and the model’s reported rationales. You can inspect those records on NexusTrade; they do not expose hidden internal reasoning.

What most "AI trading" looks like

You type a question into a chatbot
↓
AI gives you a wall of text: opinions, ticker lists, bullet points
↓
Done. No live data, no backtest, no execution. You figure out the rest.

What NexusTrade's agent does

Same prompt kicks off an autonomous loop: reason, call tools, observe results, repeat
↓
Agent calls real tools with your live context: your watchlist, your account, live market quotes
Market data & options chains
Strategy building & backtesting
Specialist subagents working in parallel
Deploy to paper or live trading
↓
Output: tool-call and observation record, multi-year backtest tables, and a real deployment (or an honest no-go)

Left: what a chatbot does. Right: what an autonomous agent does. Every model in this test had access to the same tools on the right side. Most of them still acted like the left side.

The critical feature is subagent spawning. The agent can fire off multiple specialist subagents in parallel: one exploring momentum strategies, another testing mean-reversion, another looking at premium selling. The orchestrator reads all their results and picks the best candidate. This is how you explore a wide search space efficiently.

And it's exactly what most models refused to do.


What it looks like when a model actually does its job

Here's the actual sequence from the winning model. From the moment it receives the prompt to the moment it deploys a strategy:

Trace: Gemini Flash run (the winner)

① Agent receives prompt → builds a plan (screen watchlist, analyze regime, find options candidates, spawn subagents, backtest, deploy)

② Calls getStockData → fetches SPY, QQQ, VIX, plus all watchlist tickers

③ Reads the market: SPY at 655, below 200-day SMA. VIX at 23.87. Risk-off environment.

④ Calls createSubagents → spawns 2 parallel specialist agents with different trading theses

⑤ Subagent 1: momentum bull call spreads on NVDA/META/AVGO · builds 6 portfolios, backtests all of them

⑤ Subagent 2: mean-reversion / RSI / VIX-gated premium selling · builds 5 portfolios, backtests all of them

⑥ Orchestrator reads all backtest results → +15.66% reported average annual return; three yearly returns listed below

deployPortfolio → the winner card reports paper deployment, with a monitoring agent attached. It does not report a funded deployment to the $25,000 challenge account.

⑧ Agent outputs full final answer with rationale, backtest table, risk warnings

Total: 18 iterations, 2 specialist subagents and 1 reported paper-deployed strategy. The trace says 11 portfolios, while the scorecard and winner card say 6; the source does not resolve that count.

Now compare that to GPT-5.4.

Trace: GPT-5.4 run (score: 0)

① Agent receives prompt → builds a plan (same structure as Flash: screen, analyze, spawn subagents, backtest, deploy)

② Calls getStockData → SPY/QQQ below 50 and 200-day SMAs, VIX at 23.87

③ Identifies 3 subagent tracks: momentum spreads, mean-reversion credits, VIX hedging

④ Lays out the exact right plan with target tickers and theses for each track

⑤ Stops. Writes: "Please proceed by launching those subagents."

Total: 4 iterations used out of 25 · 0 subagents · 0 portfolios · 0 backtests · 0 deployed

The insight was there. The execution wasn't. And when $25,000 is on the line, insight without execution is worth exactly zero.


How I graded each run

I built a custom LLM evaluator called the NexusTrade Agent Run Evaluator. It answers one question:

If you deployed the recommended strategy on Monday with a real $25,000 account, how confident are we that it will achieve 100% annual return?

The scoring is goal-oriented by design. Process quality, exploration depth, and honesty only matter insofar as they affect confidence in that deployment outcome. A run that explored thoroughly but produced nothing deployable is still a failure.

The rubric weights four dimensions:

Scoring Rubric (V6 Evaluator)

Deployed Strategy Fitness40%
Evidence Strength25%
Exploration Coverage20%
Risk Realism15%

Hard caps apply: no strategy deployed → fitness capped at 2/10. Single-year data only → capped at 4/10. Average annual return below 30% → fitness cannot exceed 3/10.

Every run produces a structured evaluation. Here's what the evaluator returns:

Evaluator Output Schema
{
"summary": "The agent correctly identified..."
"deployedStrategy": "Regime-Adaptive Options (NVDA/META)"
"deployedStrategyAvgReturn": "+15.66%"
"deploymentVerdict": "iterate_first" // deploy_now | iterate_first | not_ready | no_strategy_found
"scores": {
"deployedStrategyFitness": 3, // my custom rubric caps this at 3 for <30% avg return
"evidenceStrength": 8,
"explorationCoverage": 7,
"riskRealism": 8
},
"overallScore": 66,
"verdict": "mixed",
"nextIteration": "Push for higher avg return while maintaining drawdown discipline."
}

The retained evaluator JSON illustration and winner card disagree. The illustration’s scores of 3, 8, 7 and 8 produce 58 under the displayed 40/25/20/15 weights; the winner card’s 3, 9, 9 and 9 produce 66. Keep the literal block visible as source material, rather than treating it as the same reconciled winning output.

This is why even Gemini Flash, the winner, only scored 66. Its deployed strategy's reported average annual return was +15.66%. The three yearly returns listed below are positive. But 15.66% hard-capped its fitness at 3/10. To double a $25k account, I need something closer to 100%. The evaluator doesn't care that Flash worked the hardest or explored the most. It cares whether the result can hit the goal.

A score of 90–100 means "deploy Monday." A score of 66 means "promising signal, iterate before going live." A score of 0–10 means the model failed at the most basic level of the task.


The full scorecard. It's ugly.

# Model Provider Score Verdict Subagents Portfolios Time
1 Gemini 3 Flash Preview Google 66 mixed 3 6 45.5m
2 Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite Google 53 weak 0 6 5.3m
3 Claude Sonnet 4.6 Anthropic 50 weak 2 5 32m
3 Gemini 3 Pro Preview Google 50 weak 2 4 28m
3 Gemma 4 31B Google (open) 50 weak 0 3 ~40m
6 MiMo v2 Pro Xiaomi 47 weak 0 4 18m
7 Kimi K2.5 Moonshot AI 5 fail 0 8 20.4m
8 Grok 4.20 xAI 4 fail 2 11 10.3m
9 GPT-5.4-mini OpenAI 1 fail 0 0 5.3m
10 GPT-5.4 OpenAI 0 fail 0 0 10.7m
10 Mistral Small 2603 Mistral 0 fail 0 0 5.4m

Look at this table. Really look at it.

Look at this table. Google's models took first and second. OpenAI's flagship GPT-5.4, which costs more per token than almost everything else here, is sitting at the absolute bottom with a score of 0. Its cheaper sibling GPT-5.4-mini scored 1. Five out of eleven models received a fail verdict. Three of them produced zero portfolios: GPT-5.4, GPT-5.4-mini, and Mistral Small. Grok and Kimi did build and test portfolios, but their runs still failed the task.

Useful specialist delegation stood out in the recorded workflows. It was not an isolated cause of the scores: Flash Lite earned 53 with no delegation, while Grok earned 4 with two delegations. Inspect what each model did with its tools and tests, rather than treat the delegation count as the result.


From worst to first

Ordered by score ascending. Buckle up.

10th place (tied) · Mistral AI

Mistral Small 2603

0
fail
Time5.4 min
Subagents0
Portfolios built0
Backtests run0

Mistral drafted a beautiful plan. Six distinct options strategy types. Regime analysis. Multi-year comparison framework. The roadmap was genuinely well-structured.

Then it handed me the roadmap and called it a day. No portfolios. No backtesting. No execution. It wrote an essay about what it would do, and apparently thought that counted.

View full evaluator output
Summary: The agent completely failed to execute the task. It performed a good initial market analysis and proposed six candidate strategies to test, but then abruptly stopped and outputted its plan as the final answer. Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 0/10 · evidenceStrength: 0/10 · explorationCoverage: 0/10 · riskRealism: 0/10 overallScore: 0/100 Red Flags: • Agent stopped at iteration 3 out of 25, outputting a "Next Step" in its final answer instead of actually doing the work.

See the full agent trace →

10th place (tied) · OpenAI

GPT-5.4

0
fail
Time10.7 min
Subagents0
Portfolios built0
Backtests run0

This is the one that kills me.

GPT-5.4 did more prep work than any other model that failed. It spent 4 iterations on solid market research: SPY and QQQ below their 50 and 200-day SMAs, VIX at 23.87, analogues studied, mean-reversion candidates shortlisted. It even laid out the exact right plan: 3 parallel subagent tracks with clear theses and target tickers.

Then it wrote a final answer telling me to launch those subagents.

I want to repeat that. The most expensive model in the test understood exactly what needed to happen, described it perfectly, and then refused to do it. It stopped at iteration 4 out of 25. It had 21 more iterations available. It chose to hand the work back to a human.

In the recorded GPT-5.4 run, the model paused instead of finishing the requested workflow and scored 0. I read that as a problem with excessive deference in this task. This run did not measure which part of the model’s training caused the behavior.

View full evaluator output
Summary: The agent failed to complete the task. It performed initial market research but then incorrectly output a final answer telling the user to launch subagents instead of actually using the tool itself. Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 0/10 · evidenceStrength: 0/10 · explorationCoverage: 0/10 · riskRealism: 0/10 overallScore: 0/100 Red Flags: • Outputting a final answer to instruct the user to use a tool, rather than using the tool itself.

See the full agent trace →

9th place · OpenAI

GPT-5.4-mini

1
fail
Time5.3 min
Subagents0
Portfolios built0
Backtests run0

GPT-5.4-mini gave the most impressive looking response of any model tested. It analyzed live market data, pulled real options chains for GOOG, NVDA, META, QQQ, and LLY, and produced a specific recommendation: a GOOG 300C/305C bull call spread at 30-45 DTE, sized to ~3.6% of the account, with a conditional entry trigger.

Real strikes. Real expiry math. Genuinely sophisticated analysis.

Then it ended with: "Which of the three next steps above do you want me to run now?"

It asked for permission. This is exactly the failure mode I keep ranting about. Intelligence without autonomy is just a fancy chatbot. You can have all the reasoning power in the world, but if the model won't act on its own conclusions, what's the point?

View full evaluator output
Summary: The agent failed to backtest or deploy any strategy. It proposed a manual GOOG bull call spread and stopped to ask the user for permission to proceed. Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 0/10 · evidenceStrength: 0/10 · explorationCoverage: 1/10 · riskRealism: 7/10 overallScore: 1/100 Red Flags: • Agent hallucinated a conversational pause, asking the user what to do next instead of executing its own plan.

See the full agent trace →

8th place · xAI

Grok 4.20

4
fail
Time10.3 min
Subagents2
Portfolios built11
Avg return+14.21% (2022 only)

I'll give Grok credit: it had the best process of any model in the fail tier. It immediately spawned 2 specialist subagents, exactly what the system rewards. Subagent 1 tested momentum bull call spreads. Subagent 2 ran mean-reversion, IV crush, and credit structures. 11 portfolios total.

The results were honest: nothing met deployment criteria. Its best candidate returned +14.21% in the 2022 bear market but produced zero trades in 2024. And Grok correctly refused to deploy. It labeled the gap plainly: "This is <20% of your 100% doubling goal."

Right process. No deployable output. I respect the honesty. But when real money is on the line, effort doesn't count. Results do.

View full evaluator output
Summary: The agent correctly identified that none of the tested strategies could safely achieve 100% annual return. Excellent risk awareness and honest communication, but failed to find a deployable strategy. Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 0/10 · evidenceStrength: 4/10 · explorationCoverage: 8/10 · riskRealism: 9/10 overallScore: 4/100 Strengths: • Tested 11 portfolios across multiple regimes • Honest refusal to deploy unsafe strategies Failures: • Many strategies resulted in zero trades due to overly restrictive filters

See the full agent trace →

7th place · Moonshot AI

Kimi K2.5

5
fail
Time20.4 min
Subagents0
Portfolios built8
Avg return−32.5%

Kimi is the scariest result in this entire experiment.

It actually ran backtests. 8 strategies across multiple years. Every single one lost money. The average was −32.5% annually. Then it deployed one of the losing strategies anyway.

This is the most dangerous failure mode in AI trading. Not "did nothing," and that's safe. "Did the wrong thing with confidence" can blow up an account. The agent's instructions explicitly say don't deploy anything below 20% average annual return. Kimi found nothing above −20% and still hit the deploy button. That's not a reasoning failure. That's a guardrail failure.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Tested 8 strategies across 4 regimes. Every single one lost money. Average: -32.5%. Then deployed one of the losing strategies anyway. Deployed: Aggressive-MR-WideStops (Bull call spreads on NVDA, AVGO, META, LLY) Avg Return: -32.5% (2022: -75.1%, 2023: -42.2%, 2024: -6.2%, 2025: -6.5%) Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 1/10 · evidenceStrength: 9/10 · explorationCoverage: 9/10 · riskRealism: 2/10 overallScore: 5/100 Red Flags: • Deploying a strategy with a -32.5% average annual return • Suggesting the user "accept realistic returns" when returns are deeply negative

See the full agent trace →

The middle tier: scores 47–50

Four models landed in the 47–50 range. They all did real work: backtested across multiple regimes, produced structured output, and showed genuine risk awareness. None found a strategy worth deploying with confidence. Flash Lite at 53 barely edges above this group, but its story is distinct enough to earn its own card. For the rest, the differences are in the details (expand the evaluator output on each card to see why).

6th place · Xiaomi

MiMo v2 Pro

47
weak
Subagents0
Time18 min

MiMo crossed into the "weak" band: it completed the task end-to-end, produced strategies with real evidence behind them, but the returns weren't close to the deployment threshold and it explored too narrow a space. A respectable showing from a newer model. Not good enough for real money.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Correctly identified that tested strategies would destroy the account. Refused to deploy. But only tested long calls and bull call spreads, missing short premium strategies it had planned to test. Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 2/10 · evidenceStrength: 7/10 · explorationCoverage: 4/10 · riskRealism: 9/10 overallScore: 47/100 Next Iteration: Test short premium strategies (Put Credit Spreads, Iron Condors) on SPY/QQQ to capitalize on high IV.

See the full agent trace →

3rd place (tied) · Anthropic

Claude Sonnet 4.6

50
weak
Subagents2
Portfolios5
Time32 min

Claude’s card reports a deployed XOM put credit spread averaging 1.35% annually in its historical tests. That falls far short of the 100% objective; the card does not identify paper versus funded deployment. A low average return is not evidence that an options spread is extremely safe. The run also abandoned its planned calendar and diagonal tests.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Deployed a XOM Put Credit Spread averaging 1.35% annual return. Extremely safe but falls drastically short of the 100% goal. Abandoned its own plan to test calendar and diagonal spreads. Deployed: XOM Put Credit Spread (short 5% OTM, long 10% OTM, 30-45 DTE) Avg Return: 1.35% (2022: 0.04%, 2023: -0.83%, 2024: 2.30%, 2025: 3.79%) Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 2/10 · evidenceStrength: 8/10 · explorationCoverage: 4/10 · riskRealism: 9/10 overallScore: 50/100 Red Flags: • Deployed a strategy that mathematically cannot achieve the user's primary objective

See the full agent trace →

3rd place (tied) · Google

Gemini 3 Pro Preview

50
weak
Subagents2
Portfolios4
Time28 min

Gemini Pro matched Claude at 50. Right process, multi-regime backtesting, but extremely narrow exploration: one signal type (RSI < 60), one structure (bull call spread), four tickers. Flash earned a higher evaluator score. The displayed trace shows two specialist agents, as does Pro's summary. Flash explored more signal types; this experiment does not isolate which part of that exploration caused the score difference.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Deployed a META Bull Call Spread averaging 9.8% annual return. Excellent risk management but extremely narrow exploration: tested only one signal type (RSI < 60) and one structure across four tickers. Deployed: META Bull Call Spread (ATM/5% OTM, 30-45 DTE, SPY > 200 SMA, RSI < 60) Avg Return: 9.8% (2022: -1.69%, 2023: 11.94%, 2024: 16.88%, 2025: 11.94%) Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 2/10 · evidenceStrength: 9/10 · explorationCoverage: 3/10 · riskRealism: 9/10 overallScore: 50/100

See the full agent trace →

3rd place (tied) · Google (open-weight)

Gemma 4 31B

50
weak
Time~40 min
Subagents0
Portfolios built3
Avg return−11.15%

Gemma is the most interesting card in the middle tier. It scored 50 at 0.25 tokens per call, tying with Claude Sonnet at 10 tokens per call. It completed a full run, tested 7 portfolios, and deployed a Bull Call Mean Reversion strategy. The problem: −11.15% average return. It deployed a strategy with known negative historical performance because the current year looked good (+16.88%). That's exactly the trap the optimization loop is supposed to catch.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Deployed a Bull Call Mean Reversion strategy with -11.15% average return. Tested 7 portfolios across 4 regimes with realistic risk constraints, but deployed a strategy with known negative expectancy. Deployed: Bull Call Mean Reversion (ATM/OTM spreads on META/LLY, RSI < 40, 10% buying power) Avg Return: -11.15% (2022: -29.93%, 2023: -28.60%, 2024: -2.96%, 2025: +16.88%) Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 0/10 · evidenceStrength: 8/10 · explorationCoverage: 9/10 · riskRealism: 8/10 overallScore: 50/100 Red Flags: • Deploying a strategy with a known negative historical expectancy

See the full agent trace →

2nd place · Google

Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite

53
weak
Time5.3 min
Subagents0
Portfolios6
Avg returnnegative

Flash Lite was the surprise of the experiment.

In just 5 minutes it built and backtested 6 options portfolios across 2022-2025. Every strategy lost money. META Put Credit at −20.69% was the "best." And it correctly refused to deploy any of them.

That decision is what scored 53. It ran real backtests and then made the right call. Speed plus discipline beat expensive and hesitant. Flash Lite outranked Claude, Gemini Pro, Grok, and both GPT models despite being the cheapest model in the entire field. Let that sink in.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Built and backtested 6 portfolios in 5 minutes. Every strategy lost money. Correctly refused to deploy any of them, protecting the user's capital. Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 2/10 · evidenceStrength: 8/10 · explorationCoverage: 6/10 · riskRealism: 9/10 overallScore: 53/100 Next Iteration: Pivot to testing mean-reversion equity strategies or different options structures (longer DTE, different deltas, iron condors).

See the full agent trace →


And the best model was...

Final rankings podium

Flash (66) tops the field. Flash Lite (53) edges out Claude and Gemini Pro (both 50) for second.

1st place · Google

Gemini 3 Flash Preview

66
mixed
Time45.5 min
Subagents2
Portfolios built6
Avg return+15.66% / yr

Flash took the longest run in the experiment (45 minutes) and it earned every second of it. It spawned 2 specialist subagents in the displayed trace, each exploring a different thesis. It built 6 portfolios and earned the highest overall evaluator score. Its reported average annual return was positive. Sonnet and Gemini Pro also reported positive averages; Flash was the highest-scoring run, not the only positive one.

The Winning Strategy: Regime-Adaptive Options

2022 Bear +31%
2023 Recovery +15%
2024 Bull +0.34%

Reported average: +15.66% / year for the three listed yearly returns. Deployed to paper trading with an automated monitoring agent attached.

But here's the thing I respect most about this run. Flash didn't just deploy and call it a win. It deployed to paper trading, not live. It attached a monitoring agent. And it explicitly disclosed the gap: 15.66% is nowhere near the 100% target. No other model did that. No other model was that honest about its own limitations while still producing a deployable result.

A score of 66 means "promising signal, not deployment-ready yet." The strategy exists. The next step is iteration: tighter stop losses, VIX filters, fewer underlyings, all to push that average return from 15% toward something that justifies real capital. I took that iteration seriously: five automated follow-up rounds on the winning model, seeded grading, and a hard look at why the loop drifted. That's in the companion article.

View full evaluator output
Summary: Successfully designed and paper-deployed a regime-adaptive options strategy with excellent risk management. Average return of 15.66% is positive across all regimes but falls short of the 100% goal. Deployed: AMD/COP Regime-Adaptive Options (Bull Call Spreads in bear regimes, Long Calls in bull regimes, 10% buying power) Avg Return: 15.66% (2022: +31.22%, 2023: +15.41%, 2024: +0.34%) Scores: deployedStrategyFitness: 3/10 · evidenceStrength: 9/10 · explorationCoverage: 9/10 · riskRealism: 9/10 overallScore: 66/100 Strengths: • Excellent risk management and realistic position sizing for a $25k account • Thorough exploration of different options structures and underlyings • Honest communication about the unfeasibility of the 100% return goal Next Iteration: Explore leveraged ETFs (TQQQ, SOXL) or higher-beta stocks with wider call spreads to increase upside while maintaining defined risk.

See the full agent trace →


I will never overpay for AI models again

I've now run this experiment across multiple domains. Agent swarms for equity strategies. Options trading bakeoffs. SQL query generation benchmarks. The pattern is always the same: Google's budget models consistently perform as well or better than models that cost 5 to 10x more.

At some point, this stops being a coincidence and starts being a rule. So here's mine: I will not overpay for models unless the task specifically demands it.

For agent loops, autonomous workflows, SQL generation, and trading strategy research, the premium models actively hurt you. They're trained to be helpful assistants. They ask clarifying questions, defer to the user, and say "what would you like me to do next?" That's great for pair-programming. It is catastrophic in an agent loop where the model needs to assess, decide, and execute on its own.

Flash didn't ask permission. It assessed the market, spawned subagents, ran backtests, evaluated results, and deployed. GPT-5.4 did brilliant analysis and then handed me the work.

But here's what makes this more than a cost optimization story. Look at Gemma 4 31B. It scored 50, tying with Claude Sonnet 4.6. Gemma costs 0.25 tokens per call. Sonnet costs 10. That's a 40x price difference for the same score. And Gemma is MIT-licensed and open-weight.

Cursor already proved the playbook. They took Kimi K2.5, fine-tuned it within a custom harness, and built Composer 2. It competes with Claude and GPT on coding tasks at a fraction of the cost. Strong open-weight base + proprietary data + domain-specific alignment = a model that punches far above its weight class.

I have all three ingredients: the agent harness, the goal-oriented evaluator (as a reward signal for RL), and years of proprietary trading data that no public dataset contains. The base models are already competitive. That's what I'm building with Aurora: continued pretraining and reinforcement learning on an open-weight model, aligned against NexusTrade's Rust backtesting engine. Every agent run in this bakeoff is training data for that model.

The expensive models didn't just lose this experiment. They made the case for why they should be replaced entirely.


Run a new recorded experiment

The steps below use your watchlist and current market data, so they create a new experiment. To compare models, save the exact inputs, model/provider identities, prompts, timestamps, tool outputs and evaluator results for each run. The historical comparison here does not include every fixed-input and raw-grading record needed to reproduce its scores.

The agent that ran all eleven of these tests is live at nexustrade.io. You can use the web UI or launch agents programmatically via the REST API. Here's the web UI approach:

Step-by-step

1. Create a free account at nexustrade.io

2. Go to your Watchlist and add tickers you care about, or just ask the agent to build one for you

3. Open the Agent tab and paste the prompt below

4. Watch it spawn subagents, fetch live options chains, and run backtests in real time

5. Read the public tool calls, observations and reported rationales. These logs do not expose hidden internal reasoning

6. Inspect the chosen rules, historical periods, costs and risk, then observe paper performance first. This article’s winner received iterate_first, not evidence that the doubling objective was ready for real capital.

"Look at my watchlist and current market conditions, design a profitable options trading strategy that I should use at Monday at open. My goal is to double my $25,000 Public Portfolio live-trading account this year." The exact prompt used for all 11 runs

Or, if you prefer to work programmatically, you can launch agents via the REST API and poll for results. The same experiment I ran here can be fully automated with a script that creates agents, waits for completion, and evaluates the output.

Launch an AI trading agent
POST /api/agent
{
"messages": [{"sender": "User", "content": "your prompt here"}],
"maxIterations": 25,
"automationMode": "automated"
}

The $25,000 challenge portfolio is public at nexustrade.io/shared-portfolio. You can see every strategy that's been tested, every deployment decision, and whether the account is trending toward $50k.

$25,000 Public.com brokerage account

The separate Public.com challenge account has $25,000 of real capital. The winning run described here was paper-deployed; passing a backtest alone is not a recorded funded deployment.

The platform is free if you sign up here. Live trading requires connecting your own brokerage. Options trading involves real risk. The agent's job is to find strategies that justify that risk, not pretend it doesn't exist.


What happens when you optimize the winner

The bakeoff picked a winner, but a single score doesn't finish the job. I ran five sequential optimization rounds on Flash: export the trace, grade it with the evaluator, and feed the structured history back so the next run starts from a denser map of what worked and what failed.

The loop didn't behave like textbook optimization. Round 1 scored highest; later rounds drifted. The full methodology, the $676 spend breakdown, and what I'm changing next are in the companion piece:

The optimization experiment →


Run the challenge yourself. The current runbook, agent bakeoff, weekly live scoreboard, and every documented failure are open in the Public Portfolio Challenge repository →.


All strategies referenced are simulated backtest results. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Backtests do not account for slippage, commissions, or liquidity constraints. This article is not financial advice. Options trading involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors.

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