Why technical analysis alone will lose you money.

A Real Trade

On April 9th, I bought one GOOG call for $644. Six days later I sold it for $2,100.

That's +226% in under a week. Not because of a hunch. Because of a thesis.

Robinhood · Sell GOOG $310 Call · 1 contract at $21.00 (+226% in 6 days)

The thesis started with fundamentals. Aurora rated Google 4.5/5: Q1 2025 revenue at $90.2B, net income $34.5B, a P/E cheaper than Apple, and a $155B cloud backlog that most people weren't paying attention to. Berkshire had just bought in. Google I/O had just aired. The indicators said one thing. The market, briefly distracted by tariff noise, said another.

I had the same conviction with NVIDIA. I've written about holding through a $16,649 drawdown and buying more. The account is now up $65,387 all time. This week alone: +25.99%.

Robinhood Individual Account · $30,638.66 · +$65,387.97 all time · Active: NVDA calls + GOOGL call

Both trades came down to the same thing: indicators. An indicator is just a number. Revenue. Net margin. P/E ratio. Cloud backlog. None of these numbers mean anything in isolation. But arranged correctly, they tell you when the market is wrong about a company. That gap is where the trade lives.

This module is about indicators: where they come from, what they actually measure, and how to turn raw data into the kind of conviction that lets you hold when everyone else is selling.

Watch · What is a Trading Indicator? — The Building Blocks of Algorithmic Trading

Type 1

Technical indicators: reading the story in the price.

Technical indicators use a stock's price and trading history to generate signals. They operate under the key assumption that price patterns tend to repeat. There are two opposite philosophies inside technical analysis, and understanding both is essential.

One often-overlooked technical indicator deserves mention before we get to the philosophies: volume. Volume tells you how many shares traded hands in a given period. A price move on high volume means institutions are behind it. The same move on low volume is noise. Volume is the bridge between technicals and fundamentals — it shows whether the smart money is confirming a move or ignoring it.

Philosophy 1: Mean Reversion

Mean reversion says that stocks have a "natural" price range, and that when a stock strays too far from that range, it tends to come back. If a stock is significantly below its average price, it's likely to recover. If it's significantly above, it's likely to pull back.

Common mean-reversion indicators include:

• Simple Moving Average (SMA): the average closing price over N days
• Exponential Moving Average (EMA): like SMA but weights recent prices more heavily
• Bollinger Bands: price envelope ±2 standard deviations from the moving average
• Z-Score: how many standard deviations the current price is from its N-day mean

Philosophy 2: Momentum

Momentum indicators have the opposite thesis: if a stock is moving in a direction, it's likely to keep moving in that direction. Stocks that are trending up tend to continue up. Stocks in a downtrend tend to continue down. Buy the strong, avoid the weak.

Common momentum indicators include:

• RSI (Relative Strength Index): measures the speed and magnitude of price changes on a 0–100 scale. Above 70 is overbought. Below 30 is oversold.
• MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence): compares two EMAs to identify trend direction and momentum shifts

Watch · What Are Technical Analysis Indicators? — Mean Reversion vs Momentum

Mean reversion and momentum are opposites. They can't both be right at the same time. Which one you use depends on market conditions — and professional traders often use both simultaneously on different time frames.

NexusTrade indicator builder — a compound indicator computing Z-Score from SPY's price and its 20-day standard deviation. Values below -2 suggest oversold.

Type 2

Fundamental indicators: the only way to know what a stock is actually worth.

Watch · What Are Fundamental Indicators? — Understanding a Company's Financial Health

Technical indicators tell you how a stock is moving. Fundamental indicators tell you why a stock should be worth what it's worth. And over the long run, the fundamentals win.

A stock represents a business. If you want to predict where a stock will be in five years, you need to understand the underlying business. Is it growing? Is it profitable? Is it trading at a fair price relative to what it earns?

"Fundamental indicators are ways to evaluate a company's financial health. They ask: is this company actually healthy? Is it likely to make money next year?"

The key metrics come from a company's financial statements — specifically earnings reports filed every quarter. But it's not just the raw numbers. It's the ratios and calculations derived from them.

The fundamentally strong stock checklist

Professionals look for stocks that pass multiple fundamental screens at once: