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How much of Microsoft's profit growth survived the infrastructure spend? Compare three filed periods, reproduce the calculation and inspect the accounting explanation.

As of 2026-10-11

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TL;DR

Microsoft's FY2025 operating income rose to $128.528 billion and operating margin reached 45.62%, but operating cash flow minus PPE purchases fell from $74.071 billion to $71.611 billion. Operating cash flow grew 14.86% while PPE spending grew 45.13%. Use VS Code Copilot to reconcile matching fiscal periods and source definitions. This cash bridge shows the investment burden; it does not measure the return on new data centers or isolate all company spending as AI investment.

How much of Microsoft's profit growth survived the infrastructure spend?

Microsoft annual cash bridge

Scale: 0 to 136.16 USD billions · zero baseline

FY2023

  • Operating cash+87.58 USD billions
  • PPE purchases+28.11 USD billions

FY2024

  • Operating cash+118.55 USD billions
  • PPE purchases+44.48 USD billions

FY2025

  • Operating cash+136.16 USD billions
  • PPE purchases+64.55 USD billions

Operating cash flow rose, but PPE purchases rose faster. The original table retains the residual cash calculation.

FY2025 operating cash flow
$136.162B
FY2025 PPE purchases
$64.551B
Show the table · 3 rows, 4 columns

Scroll sideways to compare all columns. Select a heading to sort.

CFO87.582118.548136.162
PPE purchases28.10744.47764.551
CFO − PPE59.47574.07171.611

FY2025 operating income grew to $128.528B, but CFO minus PPE purchases declined to $71.611B. Capital expenditure grew faster than operating cash flow.

Reproduce this evidence in VS Code Copilot

Inspect the request

This worked comparison was checked in NexusTrade and against the original statements. It is not an execution receipt from your external client. Use the connected client capability described in the setup guide, or supply the public statements directly when a tool is unavailable.

Compare three full fiscal periods

Scale: 0 to 281.72B USD · zero baseline

Revenue

  • MSFT · 2023-06-30$211.915B
  • MSFT · 2024-06-30$245.122B
  • MSFT · 2025-06-30$281.724B

Scale: 0 to 101.83B USD · zero baseline

Net income

  • MSFT · 2023-06-30$72.361B
  • MSFT · 2024-06-30$88.136B
  • MSFT · 2025-06-30$101.832B

Scale: 0 to 74.07B USD · zero baseline

Source FCF

  • MSFT · 2023-06-30$59.475B
  • MSFT · 2024-06-30$74.071B
  • MSFT · 2025-06-30$71.611B

Operating margin = operating income ÷ revenue. Not returned means missing, never zero. Source FCF definitions require the reconciliation below.

Show the table · 3 rows, 5 columns

Scroll sideways to compare all columns. Select a heading to sort.

MSFT · 2023-06-30$211.915B$88.523B / 41.77%$72.361B$59.475B
MSFT · 2024-06-30$245.122B$109.433B / 44.64%$88.136B$74.071B
MSFT · 2025-06-30$281.724B$128.528B / 45.62%$101.832B$71.611B

Operating margin = operating income ÷ revenue. Not returned means missing, never zero. Source FCF definitions require the reconciliation below.

Read-only NexusTrade sec_edgar fundamentals retrieved October 12, 2026 and checked against the original annual statements. Amounts below are USD billions; the retained raw response uses USD. These are historical fiscal periods, not a live quote or a forecast.

Follow the calculation into the business

  1. Evidence 1

    FY2023 → FY2024 → FY2025 CFO: $87.582B → $118.548B → $136.162B.

  2. Evidence 2

    PPE purchases: $28.107B → $44.477B → $64.551B. FY2024 → FY2025 CFO growth was 14.86%; PPE growth was 45.13%.

  3. Evidence 3

    Operating margin improved from 41.77% to 44.64% to 45.62%. A stronger operating margin can coexist with lower residual cash after investment.

What this result leaves unanswered

  1. Accounting explanation

    PPE is cash expenditure, while depreciation reaches profit over time. Neither the operating margin nor this cash bridge measures the return on new data centers.

  2. Business and investment limits

    Microsoft's reporting segments and recast comparative columns require matching definitions. Do not treat all capital spending or company revenue as isolated AI revenue.

Check fiscal periods and public availability

Inspect every input period, publication date and source

Select FY rows by periodEnd instead of assuming the array is latest first. Source statements may present comparative years in one filing. Their later publication does not prove those exact restated values were available at the earlier historical date.

Scroll sideways to compare all columns. Select a heading to sort.

MSFT20232023-06-302023-07-27Annual FY, USD
MSFT20242024-06-302024-07-30Annual FY, USD
MSFT20252025-06-302025-07-30Annual FY, USD

Finish with a claim you can audit

Show the table · 3 rows, 3 columns

Scroll sideways to compare all columns. Select a heading to sort.

The reported business improvedSame-period revenue and operating incomeSource definitions and segment mix
Profit turned into cashCFO reconciliation and PPE scopeWorking capital and noncash items
The stock is attractiveNot established by these statementsPrice, valuation assumptions and competing outcomes

MSFT: FY2026 reported result

Inspect the original msft: fy2026 reported result

NexusTrade sec_edgar read recorded October 10, 2026. The reporting period ended 2026-06-30; the filing date was 2026-07-29.

Revenue
$331.839B331,839,000,000 USD
Operating income
$155.237B155,237,000,000 USD
Operating margin
46.78%Calculated as operating income ÷ revenue.

Interpret the reported figures

Inspect the original interpret the reported figures

Operating margin describes this reported period. Keep annual and quarterly values separate, select the matching period explicitly, and retain the source filing. The fundamentals array includes older observations and is not ordered latest first.

Choose a separate next task

Inspect the original choose a separate next task

Retrieve filings before interpreting the company

Inspect the original retrieve filings before interpreting the company

Expected output is dated filing rows or annual metric records, rather than a generic stock recommendation. If the source has no matching fiscal period, leave the comparison unresolved and follow the issuer link below.

Start the current company brief with the latest filed annual and quarterly periods returned by the tool. The historical worked example below checks your reconciliation method; it does not replace that current filing review.

Call sec_edgar with each argument object below. The first requests filing rows; the second requests inline annual XBRL metrics. Keep filing dates, accession identifiers and links returned by the tool. Do not use ingest_filings for this read-only check.

{
  "ticker": "MSFT",
  "action": "list_filings",
  "forms": [
    "10-K",
    "10-Q"
  ],
  "since": "2025-01-01",
  "limit": 10
}

{
  "ticker": "MSFT",
  "action": "fundamentals",
  "periods": "annual"
}

Worked source check: Microsoft FY2025

Inspect the original worked source check: microsoft fy2025

The Microsoft release published 2025-07-30 reports the fiscal year ended 2025-06-30. The statement values below are USD millions. This is a fixed historical source example, not the newest company report.

Dividing operating cash flow by revenue gives 48.33% for this annual period. That cash conversion ratio measures operating cash flow relative to reported sales. It is not free cash flow, a stock-return forecast or a reason to buy. A later release may restate an earlier value; retain the original source and explain any mismatch.

Scroll sideways to compare all columns. Select a heading to sort.

Net sales / revenue281,7242025-06-30
Operating cash flow136,1622025-06-30

Historical issuer-reported values, not trading performance.

Reconcile the tool values with the actual statement

Inspect the original reconcile the tool values with the actual statement

Check the cash-flow statement period: a nine-month year-to-date value cannot be compared with a twelve-month revenue value. Normalize millions versus dollars before computing a ratio. Do not add a company metric to a price rule unless its historical availability is represented.

Use the returned MSFT filing rows and annual XBRL metrics. Reconcile FY2025 revenue 281,724 and operating cash flow 136,162, both USD millions, for the year ended 2025-06-30, against this source: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Investor/earnings/FY-2025-Q4/press-release-webcast. Build a table with metric, raw value, unit, start/end dates, fiscal period, source publication date and source URL. Separate any quarterly, year-to-date, annual and restated records. Explain mismatches rather than choosing the most favorable number. Return research/MSFT.md, strategies/msft-sma-v1.json and experiments/msft-sma-v1.md in your workspace. Do not create, backtest, deploy or trade a portfolio.

Resolve one remaining question without duplicate research

Inspect the original resolve one remaining question without duplicate research

If the brief needs broader evidence, review a specific research_topic message before submitting it. Preserve researchJobId from the accepted response and poll get_research_status with research_job_id set to that exact returned value. PROCESSING means poll the same job; COMPLETED supplies report/citations; FAILED supplies an error. Another research_topic call starts another billed run.

From a question to evidence

  1. Read filings

    NexusTrade tool

    sec_edgar

    Output to inspect

    Issuer, accession, reporting period and publication date

  2. Read relevant news

    NexusTrade tool

    search_stock_news

    Output to inspect

    Dated publisher links; distinguish news from filings

  3. Submit bounded research

    NexusTrade tool

    research_topic

    Output to inspect

    researchJobId and source-backed question

  4. Poll the accepted job

    NexusTrade tool

    get_research_status

    Output to inspect

    Same research_job_id, completed report and citations

Inspect the original from a question to evidence

Scroll sideways to compare all columns. Select a heading to sort.

Read filingssec_edgarIssuer, accession, reporting period and publication date
Read relevant newssearch_stock_newsDated publisher links; distinguish news from filings
Submit bounded researchresearch_topicresearchJobId and source-backed question
Poll the accepted jobget_research_statusSame research_job_id, completed report and citations

research_topic is asynchronous. Poll get_research_status with the same job ID instead of launching another billed research run for the same question.

Actual NexusTrade filing-tool output

Inspect the exact returned fields and original requests

On October 10, 2026, we called sec_edgar with the two separate request objects below. The product returned a MSFT 10-K filed 2026-07-29, for the fiscal year ended 2026-06-30, and the FY2026 metric row shown here. We selected that row by fiscal year and period end, rather than assuming the first array entry was latest.

The amounts below are USD, while the linked issuer statement displays them in millions. Revenue and operating income answer different questions from operating cash flow. The compact fundamentals row does not supply operating cash flow; do not relabel freeCashFlow as that metric.

This receipt records a NexusTrade filing read on October 10, 2026. Optional historical exercises retain their own periods and units.

Returned fieldObserved value
TickerMSFT
PeriodFY2026
Period end2026-06-30
Filed2026-07-29
totalRevenue331,839,000,000 USD
operatingIncome155,237,000,000 USD
JSON
{
  "ticker": "MSFT",
  "action": "list_filings",
  "forms": [
    "10-K"
  ],
  "limit": 1
}

{
  "ticker": "MSFT",
  "action": "fundamentals",
  "periods": "annual"
}

Connect Visual Studio Code in the intended environment

Documented setup flow for this client
Documented setup flow for this client
Connect Visual Studio Code in the intended environment
Configuration format
The full guide distinguishes portable .mcp.json from the supported VS Code profile format. Preserve other servers when merging configuration.

In VS Code’s Command Palette, run MCP: Add Server. Follow the remote HTTP setup with name nexustrade and URL https://nexustrade.io/api/mcp. Choose the intended workspace or global scope. Run MCP: List Servers, start NexusTrade, complete browser sign-in and enable the needed tools in Copilot chat.

What you should see: The server is started and its tools are available to the intended Copilot chat. A trusted server still needs the account read in the next step.

Optional: check the account before owned-record changes

Optional: check the account before owned-record changes

Skip this step if you only want to inspect the public filing in the next step. Before reading or changing an owned portfolio, ask for a read-only list, inspect one returned ID with get_portfolio and compare its name, strategies and deployment type. An authenticated empty list is valid for a new account.

What you should see: For owned records, you have the intended account response or an authenticated empty response. Resolve an account mismatch before saving anything. Public filing inspection does not require an owned-portfolio read.

Identity boundary
A server list or public filing read does not verify access to your owned portfolios.
Prompt
Use only NexusTrade read tools. Call fetch_portfolios, then get_portfolio with one returned portfolio ID. Report the ID, name, strategies and deployment type. If the authenticated list is empty, report that result. Do not create, edit, backtest, deploy or place orders.

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